Paradoxically, no economy can build the architecture of AI sovereignty alone. Coalitions of countries must work together to regulate the sector, design and operate the rails, open the model layer, and universalize the agent interface, thereby embedding contestability and interoperability into every layer.
NEW DELHI—Discussions about “AI sovereignty” generally focus on two things: investment and capabilities. Countries are encouraged to fund national champions that can develop frontier AI models, build compute clusters, and assemble domestic data pipelines. But while these steps do matter, they cannot, by themselves, deliver true AI sovereignty. For that, a fully contestable and interoperable AI stack is essential.